盛名难负:土司制度的美化

On the Beautification of Chieftain System

作为元明清时期区域社会管理一种模式的土司制度,在维护国家领土完整及建设统一的多民族国家历史进程中,起到了积极促进作用。但当下在以拓展土司制度与国家治理研究新视野的名义下,一些研究结论给土司制度贴上了"民族区域自治""实事求是""当家作主"等当代政治制度的标签,将土司制度与中国共产党为促进少数民族地区尽快发展的新路径相联接,认为我国现行的民族区域自治制度是土司制度的延续和发展。忽视了封建制度与社会主义制度的本质区别,夸大了土司的历史作用,美化了土司制度,这既不符合历史事实,也容易造成认识上的混乱。

The chieftain system,as a model of regional social management in the Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties,played a positive role in safeguarding the country’s territorial integrity and building a unified multi-ethnic country.But at present,in the name of expanding the new vision of the chieftain system and national governance,some researches label the chieftain system as"ethnic regional autonomy","seeking truth from facts","being the master of the country"and other contemporary political systems.By connecting the chieftain system with the new path of the Communist Party of China to promote the development of ethnic minority areas as soon as possible,it is considered that the current system of regional ethnic autonomy in China is the continuation and development of the chieftain system.It ignores the essential difference between the feudal system and the socialist system,exaggerates the historical role of the chieftain,and beautifies the chieftain system,which is not in line with the historical facts,but also easy to cause confusion in understanding.