2Bell R L, Lederman N G, Abd-EI-Khalick F. Implicit Versus Explicit Nature of Science Instruction: An Explicit Response to Palmquist and Finley [J ]. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 1998, 35: 1057-1061.
3丛立新.课程论问题[M].北京:教育科学出版社,2007:286.
4Hugh G Gauch Jr.科学方法实践[M].王义豹,译.北京:清华大学出版社,2006:304.