移动式水力清淤装置试验研究

Experimental study on a moveable hydrosuction dredging system

经济可行、高效灵活、节能环保的清淤技术对于中小型水库的库容恢复具有重要意义。设计了一套封闭式水力冲沙清淤装置,并在一座2.6 m长、1.1 m宽、1.6 m深的室内水池中开展了清淤排沙效果试验。试验结果表明,该装置可将底部泥沙充分扰动,稳定排出高浓度挟沙水流,池内循环方式试验含沙量可达300~500 kg/m^3;外排吸沙泵排沙方式和虹吸排沙方式的平均含沙量分别为301 kg/m^3和152 kg/m^3。排沙运行时隔离罩外底层含沙量仅为0.613 kg/m^3。试验和分析结果表明,本装置可有效排出底部泥沙,对周围水体干扰较小,在未来中小型水库、沉沙池及其他相关领域具有一定的应用推广价值。

An dredging technology with economical,efficient,flexible,energy-saving and environmentfriendly are significance for reservoir capacity recovery.In this paper,a novel dredging system which can run independently for hydrosuction sediment removal were designed.The dredging efficiency experiments of the system were carried out in a flume with 2.6 m length,1.1 m width and 1.6 m depth.Natural sand was used as the test material.Result shows that the dredging system can form a stable high concentration sediment laden flow in the isolation cover.The sediment concentration of the circulating runs reaches 300~500 kg/m^3,where as the average sediment concentration by pumping and siphoning outlet outside the flume are 301 kg/m^3 and152 kg/m^3 respectively.When the system is running,the sediment concentration near bed outside the system is only 0.613 kg/m^3,with limited effect to the surrounding water.Results show that the system can be used evacuate sediment efficiently,which would be potential for sediment remove of middle and small reservoirs as well as sediment basins in the near future.