跨语际司法中的翻译问题研究

A Study on the Translation Problems in Translingual Judicial Practices

随着涉外民商事纠纷日益增多,跨语际司法中的翻译问题不断凸显,主要包括典型术语翻译、语言权利和外国法查明等问题,但我国立法和司法都未予以全面关注,并给出妥当的解决办法。为此,本文基于不同法院对典型法律术语的认定,揭示法律术语翻译的难点,并为解决术语不对等提供思路。其次,本文基于美国关于保障诉讼参加人语言权利的立法规定和司法实践,为我国相关制度的建设和完善提供参考。最后,外国法查明中的法律翻译目前仍不系统,可以规范翻译主体和程序,并可借助国际司法协助进行。

The translation problems arising from judicial practices,mainly including translation of typical legal terms,linguistic rights and proof of foreign law,have seen a dramatic rise due to the increasing number of foreign-related civil and commercial disputes.But China’ s legislature and judiciary have neither paid full attention nor provided appropriate solutions in this regard.This paper reveals the difficulties in translating legal terms and provides ideas for resolving terminological inequivalence based on a survey of different courts deciding different terminological meanings.Then,after reviewing the legislations and judicial practices on the protection of linguistic rights in the US,this paper provides a new perspective for establishing and improving the relevant institutions in China.Furthermore,considering the norms for legal translation during the proof of foreign law are not systematic it is proposed to formulate relevant standards to regulate the translators and translation procedures with the help of international judicial assistance.