从语义特征角度看“数+ 形+ 量+名”结构主观量的形成基础

On the Formation of Subjective Quantity in the Structure of“Numeral+Adjective+Quantifier+Noun”from the Perspective of Semantic Features

“数+形+量+名”结构是一种主观量的表达形式,其主观量的形成与其组成成分的特点有关。其中,数词选择通常是“一”;形容词则要求具有空间性,且倾向于选择非定量形容词和主观性较强的形容词。量词部分在“语义相协”原则作用下,表现出量的不确定性;同时,量词空间性的强弱会影响与形容词的组配能力。名词一般具有强空间性,而且在形状特征上表现出不固定性。

The structure of“Numeral+Quantifier+Classifier+Noun”is an expression form of subjective quantity,the formation of which is related to the characteristics of its components.The numeral in this structure used to choice“one”,while its adjective is spatial and tends to choose non-quantitative adjectives and adjectives with strong subjectivity.Under the principle of“semantic association”,the quantifier part shows the uncertainty of quantity.In addition,the spatial strength of quantifiers will affect the ability to match adjectives.Finally,nouns generally have strong spatial properties and are not fixed in shape.