学前儿童家庭教育的社会支持:回顾与展望

Social Support for Preschool Children’s Family Education:Review and Prospects

家庭是社会的基本单位,家庭教育是促进儿童发展及社会和谐的重要保障,支持家庭教育是社会的必然选择。回顾新中国成立70年来历程,学前儿童家庭教育的社会支持从为促进社会生产而支持家庭,到逐步关注家庭教育现状,再到注重提升家庭教育质量,最终形成了多方推进家庭教育的社会支持体系。70年的发展过程中,学前儿童家庭教育的社会支持主体逐渐多元化,支持内容日益丰富化,支持方式不断多样化,但仍存在不足。新时代背景下,学前儿童家庭教育社会支持的发展,需要政府发挥主导作用,完善家庭教育公共服务;幼儿园密切家园伙伴关系,增强对家庭教育指导能力;社区发挥多种资源优势,强化社区公共服务功能;社会力量积极支持家庭教育,丰富家庭教育社会服务。

Family is the basic unit of society.Family education is an important guarantee for children de⁃velopment and social harmony.Supporting family education is an inevitable choice for society.In the past 70 years since the founding of PRC,the social support for the family education of preschool children has changed from supporting families to promote social production,to gradually paying attention to the current situation of family education,and then to improving the quality of family education,and finally formed a social support system that promotes family education in various ways.The main bodies,contents and ways of social support have become gradually diversified.However,there are still some deficiencies.The following four suggestions are put forward.The government should play a leading role and improve the public service of family education.Childcare institutions should strengthen their partnership with families and enhance their capacity to guide fam⁃ily education.The community should take advantage of various resources to strengthen its public service func⁃tion.Social forces should take initiative to support family education and provide ample social services for it.