社会整体性的表征:卡勒“理论”的生产性

The Representation of Social Integrity:The Productbility of Kahler’s “Theory”

关于"理论",乔纳森·卡勒做过若干界定,解释性是其特性之一。"理论"的反思性、批判性恰恰是通过其解释性而实现的。在卡勒那里,文化研究与"理论"是两个可以相互置换的概念。这两者产生于文学研究但却挤压和排斥了文学研究,从而实现了方法论的转变,将文学解释为社会整体性的表征。于是对文学对象的阅读就有了诗学模式/解释学模式、恢复解释学/怀疑解释学、表征性解释/症候性解释等一系列不同类型、不同层次的区分。本文通过对于这些错综复杂、欲理还乱的关系的厘定和归置,揭示了"理论"作为一种人文学科的新文类,具有显著的观念生产、知识增长和学术建构的功效。

Jonathan Keller has made several definitions about"theory"and the explanatory nature,by which the reflective and critical nature of"theory"is achieved precisely,is one of its characteristics.From Kahler’s point of view,cultural studies and"theory"are two interchangeable concepts,both originating from literary research but squeezing and rejecting it,which makes the transformation of methodology realized and interprets literature as a sign of social integrity.Therefore,the reading of literary objects has a series of distinctions of different types and different levels,such as poetic mode/hermeneutics mode,hermeneutics of restoration/hermeneutics of suspicion,and representational interpretation/symptomatic interpretation,etc.Through the clarification and collocation of these intricate and chaotic relationships,this article reveals that"theory",as a new genre of humanities,has significant effects in promoting concept production,knowledge growth and academic construction.