核酸功能化稀土基纳米材料在生物检测中的应用

Bioassay Applications of Aptamer-Functionalized Rare Earth Nanomaterials

体内一些生物分子和离子的水平通常与细胞、组织、器官等结构和功能的变化相关,从而直接影响到疾病的预防、诊断和治疗,因此对体内这些物质的生物检测在医疗和健康领域具有重要的意义.基于稀土基纳米材料构建的纳米荧光探针具有灵敏度高、简单高效、抗干扰能力强等优点,在生物检测方面具有巨大的潜力.对稀土基纳米材料的核酸功能化能够进一步为纳米荧光探针提供更好的特异性识别能力和生物相容性,从而增强其在复杂样品中的生物检测能力.本综述总结了核酸功能化的稀土基纳米材料作为纳米荧光探针在生物检测领域的研究进展,简要介绍了其主要种类和性能、检测机理及检测物质,最后对该领域面临的挑战及未来的发展方向进行了展望.

The levels of some biomolecules and ions in the body are usually related to the structural and functional changes of cells,tissues,organs,etc.,which directly affect the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of diseases.Therefore,in vivo bioassays of these substances are of great significance in medical and healthcare fields.The nano fluorescent probes consisted of rare earth nano materials have advantages of high sensitivity,simplicity,efficiency,and strong anti-interference ability,thus showing great potential in bioassays.The functionalization of aptamers on rare earth nanomaterials can further provide better specific recognition ability and biocompatibility for nano fluorescent probes,thereby enhancing their bioassays ability in complex samples.In this paper,the research progress of aptamer-functionalized rare earth nanomaterials as nano fluorescent probes in the field of bioassays is reviewed,and the main types,properties,detection mechanisms and detection substances are briefly introduced.