快速血型定型及交叉配血对创伤出血性休克患者抢救重要性的探讨

The Importance of Rapid Blood Typing and Cross-matching in the Rescue of Patients with Traumatic Hemorrhagic Shock

目的:通过对创伤出血性休克患者快速血型定型及交叉配血结果的分析,探讨其对创伤出血性休克患者抢救的重要性。方法:选择2018年2月至2020年2月于我院接受治疗的156例腹部创伤出血性休克患者为研究对象,对入组患者均实施快速血型鉴定及交叉配血,记录血型定型结果与交叉配血结果,对血型定型正反不一致,交叉配血结果不相合的数据进行分析。结果:156例入组患者实施快速血型定型显示有40例存在正反定型不一致,占比为25.64%(40/156),其中男性21例,占比52.50%(21/40),女性19例,占比47.50%(19/40),年龄分布10岁以下占比15.00%,10~30岁占比37.50%,31~60岁占比35.00%,61岁及以上占比12.50%,不同性别和年龄患者分布不具有统计学意义(P>0.05);不规则抗体筛查阳性8例,检出率为5.13%,其中男性2例占比25.00%,女性6例占比75.00%,有输血史7例占比87.50%,无输血史1例占比12.50%,比较显示女性明显高于男性,有输血史高于无输血史(P<0.05);进行卡式交叉配血87例,其中有主侧相合而次侧不合2例,主侧不合次侧相合2例,在抢救用血过程中均采用配合性输血原则。156例患者经过快速血型定型及交叉配血,救治成功的有137例,成功率为87.82%。结论:及时准确的血型定型及交叉配血对创伤出血性休克患者的救治具有重要意义,为创伤患者的输血救治提供有力保障,在临床上值得推广。

Objective: To analyze the rapid blood typing and cross-matching results of patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock,to explore the importance of rescuing patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock. Methods: 156 patients with abdominal trauma and hemorrhagic shock who were treated in our hospital from February 2018 to February 2020 were selected as the research subjects. All patients were enrolled for rapid blood group identification and cross-matching. For blood matching results, analyze the data of inconsistent positive and negative blood grouping and inconsistent cross-matching results. Results: 156 enrolled patients underwent rapid blood typing to show that 40 cases had inconsistent positive and negative typing, accounting for 25.64%(40/156), including 21 males, accounting for52.50 %(21/40), and 19 females, Accounting for 47.50 %(19/40), age distribution 15.00 % under 10 years old, 37.50 % for 10~30 years old, 35.00 % for 31~60 years old, 12.50 % for 61 years old and above, different genders The distribution of patients of different ages was not statistically significant(P>0.05). Irregular antibody screening was positive in 8 cases, with a detection rate of 5.13 %, of which 2 males accounted for 25.00 % and 6 females accounted for 75.00 %. 7 patients with a history of blood transfusion accounted for 87.50 %,and 1 patient without a history of blood transfusion accounted for 12.50 %. The comparison showed that women were significantly higher than men, with a history of blood transfusion than no history of blood transfusion(P<0.05). Among them, there are 2 cases where the primary side coincides and the secondary side does not match, and 2 cases where the primary side does not coincide with the secondary side. The principle of cooperative treatment is used in the process of rescuing blood. 156 patients underwent rapid blood typing and cross-matching, and 137 patients were successfully treated, with a success rate of 87.82 %. Conclusion: Timely and accurate blood typing and cross-matching are of great significance for the treatment of patients with traumatic hemorrhagic shock, and provide a powerful guarantee for blood treatment of trauma patients, which should be worthy of promotion in clinical practice.