摘要
中国高度重视适应气候变化工作,实行减缓与适应并重的应对气候变化原则,已出台适应气候变化相关的战略、规划等一系列政策文件。但总体来看,中国适应气候变化政策与行动尚处于起步阶段,面临着法规制度缺位、监测评估不足、组织协调机制不完善等挑战,适应气候变化政策的类型、数量和力度都明显弱于减缓。为完善中国适应气候变化政策与机制的框架设计,文中梳理了相关研究、《联合国气候变化框架公约》下的适应气候变化国际机制及主要国家经验,提出了一套完整闭环的适应气候变化核心决策流程及关键支撑机制,并重点从开展法制建设、制定适应战略(计划)、建立监测评估机制、构建协调机制和完善资金机制等五方面,归纳了主要国家的经验与启示,最终研究提出完善我国适应气候变化政策与机制框架设计的建议,包括加快建立和完善适应气候变化法制建设、加快构建国家适应气候变化的政策体系、加快完善国家适应气候变化的机制设计、加强适应气候变化支撑能力建设、推动适应气候变化的国际合作等。
China attaches great importance to climate change adaptation,implements the principle of equal attention to mitigation and adaptation,and has issued a series of policy documents such as strategies,plans and action programs related to climate change adaptation.However,China’s policies and actions to climate change adaptation are at the initial stage and are facing challenges such as lack of laws and regulations,inadequate monitoring and evaluation,and imperfect organizational coordination mechanism.The types,quantities and intensity of adaptation policies are much weaker than mitigation policies as well.In order to improve the framework design of climate change adaptation policies and mechanisms,this paper reviews relevant research,international mechanism of adaptation to climate change under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,and the design of adaptation policies and mechanisms of major countries,and constructs a closed-loop framework of adaptation,and summarizes the reference and enlightenment for China from international policy and mechanism of adaptation from five aspects:legislation construction,formulation of adaptation strategies and plans,monitoring and evaluation,coordination mechanism and financial mechanism.This paper provides relevant suggestions for establishing and improving the framework design of climate change adaptation policies and mechanisms in China,including the establishment and improvement of the legal system on climate change adaptation,constructing a national policy system for climate change adaptation,improving the design of national climate change adaptation mechanism,supporting capacity building for climate change adaptation,promoting international cooperation on climate change adaptation.
作者
付琳
周泽宇
杨秀
FU Lin;ZHOU Ze-Yu;YANG Xiu(National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation(NCSC),Beijing 100038,China)
出处
《气候变化研究进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第5期641-651,共11页
Climate Change Research
基金
国家应对气候变化业务经费项目“适应气候变化政策机制的国际比较研究”(201627)。
关键词
适应气候变化
政策机制
评估
立法
协调机制
Climate change adaptation
Policy mechanisms
Assessment
Legislation
Coordination mechanism