一般竞争战略理论论战、观点流派与研究展望——从割裂到融合

Schools of View and Research Prospects——From Fragmentation to Integration

一般竞争战略理论对企业战略决策具有广泛而深远的影响。学者们对一般竞争战略的割裂观和融合观一直争执不休,众多研究呈现出多角度、多证据、结论矛盾和研究混乱的局面。文章通过对相关理论回顾和梳理,揭示出一般竞争战略理论割裂观存在的问题和困境,呈现融合观的理论与实证证据,提炼出混合战略的三个流派,并揭示混合战略研究的脉络和趋势。文章揭示出融合是竞争战略的趋势,实现不同战略类型的融合和竞争战略的多维体系构建,有助于厘清竞争战略研究的混乱和矛盾,打破根深蒂固的“骑墙战略”禁区思维,为企业的战略决策提供系统和多维的视角,并推动一般竞争战略从割裂化向融合化演进,特别是对现阶段的中国企业战略制定具有重要意义。

The theory of generic competitive strategy has a wide and far-reaching impact on the strategic decisions of enterprises.However,scholars have been arguing about the fragmentation and integration of generic competitive strategy,and many studies have shown multiple perspectives,evidence,conclusions,and theories of general competitive strategy contradictions and research confusion.Through reviewing and sorting out the relevant theories,this study reveals the problems and dilemmas of the fragmented view of generic competition strategy theory,presenting the convergence of view of the theoretical and empirical evidence,reveals the three schools of hybrid strategy and refines the lineage and trends of hybrid strategy research.This study reveals that convergence is the trend of competitive strategy,achieving the convergence of different strategy types and the construction of a multidimensional system of competitive strategy.It will help to clear up the confusion and contradictions in the study of competition strategy,break the deep-rooted“stuck in the middle strategy”mentality,and provide a better environment for enterprises'competitiveness.To provide a systematic and multidimensional perspective on strategic decision-making and to facilitate the evolution of competition strategy in general from fragmentation to convergence,particularly for the current phase of the competition policy.The strategy formulation of Chinese enterprises is of great importance.