青贮饲用油菜对育肥期山羊生产性能及瘤胃发酵性能的影响

Effect of silage forage rape on production performance and rumen fermentation performance of fattening goats

旨在研究青贮饲用油菜对育肥期山羊生产性能、瘤胃发酵性能的影响。试验选用8月龄左右、平均体重接近、体质健康的杂交波尔山羊36只(公母各半),随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复4只羊。试验Ⅰ组粗饲料主要成分为青贮饲用油菜;试验Ⅱ组粗饲料主要成分为青贮全株玉米;试验Ⅲ组粗饲料主要成分为青贮玉米秸秆。结果表明:试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组的山羊平均日增重分别为61.44 g和57.00 g,显著高于试验Ⅲ组(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组平均日增重比试验Ⅲ组高47.83%(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组日均干物质采食量、料重比与Ⅱ组无显著差异(P<0.05),显著低于Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ组山羊瘤胃液中菌体蛋白含量为11.64 mg/mL,显著高于试验Ⅱ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组山羊瘤胃液中挥发性脂肪酸总量无显著差异(P>0.05),但均高于Ⅲ组(P<0.05);3个试验组山羊瘤胃液中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、其他酸摩尔比以及乙酸丙酸比差异不显著(P>0.05),均为乙酸发酵类型。结论:青贮饲用油菜和青贮全株玉米对山羊育肥效果基本相当,优于青贮玉米秸秆;饲喂青贮饲用油菜有利于山羊瘤胃发酵。

The purpose of this paper was to study the effects of silage forage rape on the production performance and rumen fermentation performance of fattening goats.36 hybrid Boer goats(half males and half females)of about 8 months of age,similar average body weight,and healthy physique were obtained and randomly divided into 3 groups,with 3 replicates per group and 4 sheep per replicate.The forages in groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwere silage forage rape,silage whole plant corn,and silage corn straw,respectively.The results showed that the ADG of the goats in groupsⅠ,Ⅱouptes were 61.44 g and 57.00 g,respectively,which were significantly higher than that of the goats in groupⅢ(P<0.05).The average daily dry matter feed intake and FCR of groupⅠwere not significantly different from those of groupⅡ(P<0.05),and significantly lower than those of groupⅢ(P<0.05).The rumen fluid MCP in GroupⅠwas 11.64 mg/mL,which was significantly higher than that in groupsⅡgoupⅢ(P<0.05).The TVFA in the rumen fluid of the goats in groupsⅠoups r was not significantly different(P>0.05),but were higher than that in groupⅢ(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in volatile fatty acid composition in the three groups(P>0.05),all of which are of acetic acid fermentation types.In conclusion,the effects of silage forage rape and whole silage maize on goat fattening were generally the same,which is better than that of silage corn straw.Feeding silage forage rape was beneficial for rumen fermentation in goats.