西安高校教学建筑冬季室内热环境研究

Study on thermal environment of Xi’an university classrooms in winter

为获得冬季高校教学建筑室内热环境现状及学生对室内热环境评价,选取西安市某高校教室作为研究对象,对冬季教室内的温度、湿度、空气流速和黑球温度等其他热环境参数进行现场数据测试记录,并同时以调查问卷的形式对151名学生的穿衣情况和对室内热环境的主观评价进行研究。结果显示:西安市教室冬季预测和实测热中性温度分别为17.0℃和16.3℃,平均服装热阻为1.2 clo,表明在寒冷的气候条件、学生的衣着习惯和心理期望等因素作用下,高校学生对此偏冷环境形成适应性;高校学生对冬季教室内湿度、温度、气味等情况不满意度较高,学生适应性行为主要以加湿、喝热饮、开门窗、局部加热和轻度活动为主。根据该实际情况给出西安高校学生平均热感觉适应性模型,为高校教室室内设计参数标准提供依据。

In order to grasp the present state of indoor thermal environment of Xi’an university classroom and the evaluation of the indoor thermal environment by students,a classroom in a university in Xi’an is selected as the research object.Field survey is made about the winter indoor temperature,humidity,air velocity,black ball temperature and other parameters.At the same time,a questionnaire survey on the 151 students′clothing and subjective evaluation of the thermal environment is studied.As a result,the predicted and measured thermal neutral temperatures are 17.0℃and 16.3℃,and the average thermal resistance of clothing is 1.2clo.It shows that under the influence of cold climate,students′clothing habits and psychological expectations,college students form adaptability to this cold environment;college students are not satisfied with the humidity,temperature and smell in the classroom in winter,and their adaptive behaviors mainly include humidification,drinking hot drinks,opening doors and windows,local heating and mild activities.According to the actual situation,the adaptive model of average thermal sensation of college students in Xi’an is proposed,which provides the basis for the indoor design parameter standard of the university classrooms.