经济型数控车床刀位改装高精工艺研究

Research on high-precision technology of economical CNC lathe tool position refit

经济型数控车床的加工能力受限于原有刀位数量,通过在滑板上加装刀位虽扩大了加工能力,但因改装和调刀误差造成钻、扩、铰刀具安装的偏心误差较大,不宜直接在车床上钻、扩、铰深孔,且调刀难度较大,故需研究刀位的改装工艺,在提高精度的同时降低调刀难度。通过对车床孔加工特点分析,设计了针对性的排刀架结构,并根据车床自身结构特点和精度来制定改装排刀架的制造工艺。研究结果表明,设计的排刀架结构适合于车床刀位数量的增加,改装工艺取得的位置精度取决于机床自身精度,更换刀具时无需在x轴和y轴上调刀,最大限度地提高了孔加工的精度。该设计实现了快速换刀,消除了调刀误差,提高了生产效率。

The processing capacity of the economical CNC lathe is limited by the number of original tool positions.Although the processing capacity is expanded by adding tool positions on the skateboard,the eccentric error of the drilling,expansion and reaming tool installation is large due to the modification and tool adjustment errors.It is not suitable to drill,expand and ream deep holes directly on the lathe,and it is more difficult to adjust the tool position.Therefore,it is necessary to study the modification process of the tool position to reduce the difficulty of adjusting the tool position while improving the accuracy.Through the analysis of the processing characteristics of the lathe hole,the targeted row tool holder structure is designed,and the manufacturing process of the modified row tool holder is formulated according to the structural characteristics and accuracy of the lathe itself.The research results show that the designed tool holder structure is suitable for increasing the number of tool positions on the lathe.The position accuracy obtained by the modification process depends on the accuracy of the machine tool.It is not necessary to adjust the tool on the x-axis and y-axis when changing the tool to achieve rapid tool change.Eliminate the tool adjustment error,improve production efficiency,and maximize the accuracy of hole processing.