停车位经济属性及价格调控策略

Economic Attributes and Pricing Strategies of Urban Parking Spaces

停车问题是城市交通治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要体现。在停车定价过程中市场要成为配置资源的决定性力量。通过分析停车位分类及其经济属性,剖析不同类型停车位市场定价的内生动力。由于停车位存在垄断性,提出政策干预的首要目标是降低经济负外部性和提高市场竞争。针对现有的定价制度,提出最低定价、分时分路动态定价、共享定价策略,实现政策和市场各司其职,发挥市场的决定性力量。

The issue of parking shows the modernization of urban transportation management system and capabilities.Market should become a decisive driving force in resource allocation of parking pricing.By analyzing the classification of parking spaces and the economic attributes,this paper discusses the driving force of market pricing for different types of parking spaces.As the parking industry features monopolization,the paper points out that the primary goal of policy intervention is to reduce negative economic externalities and increase market competition.Aiming at existing pricing system,the paper proposes different market-pricing plans including minimum pricing,time-based and road-based dynamic pricing,and shared pricing strategies,so as to make the policy and market play their respective roles and realize the decisive force of the market.