新型可降解液膜覆盖对土壤温度、棉花种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

Effects of newly developed biodegradable liquid mulch on soil temperature,cotton seed germination and seedling growth

为明确一种生物可降解液膜在棉花中的应用效果,于2018—2019年在浙江大学农业试验站进行了生物可降解液膜(biodegradable liquid mulch,BDLM)对土壤温度、陆地棉种子萌发和幼苗生长影响的研究。结果表明:与传统的露地种植相比,BDLM在土壤温度、棉花种子萌发、茎和叶生物量方面均表现出显著的改善作用;与塑料薄膜覆盖相比,BDLM对土壤温度、棉花种子萌发的影响没有显著性差异。同时,为进一步明确新型液膜残留物是否对棉花幼苗生长有影响,采用盆栽模拟的方法研究了BDLM残留物在不同土壤类型中对棉花幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:土壤类型以及BDLM残留物均对棉花种子萌发有影响,二者的共同作用对叶绿素含量、叶面积指数和土壤含水量有显著的影响。其中:在BDLM残留物和壤土条件下,叶绿素含量最高;在塑料薄膜残留物和黏土条件下,叶面积指数最高;而传统壤土的含水量最低。因此,可以认为BDLM对棉花生长有积极作用,但需要更进一步的研究。

In order to determine the effect of newly developed biodegradable liquid mulch(BDLM)on soil temperature,seed germination,and seedling growth of upland cotton,an experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Experiment Station of Zhejiang University in 2018 and 2019.The results showed that BDLM exhibited significant improvement with respect to soil temperature,cotton seed germination rate,stem and leaf biomass(P<0.05)compared with bare soils.In comparison with plastic mulch,BDLM had no significant effects on soil temperature and cotton seed germination rate.In order to evaluate the effect of BDLM residues on cotton seedling growth under different soil types,a pot trial was carried out in a growth chamber.The results revealed that BDLM residues had significant effect on cotton seed germination rate.The interaction of soil types and BDLM residues had significant effects on chlorophyll content,leaf area index(LAI)and soil moisture content(P<0.05).The highest chlorophyll content was observed from loam soils with BDLM residues,and the highest leaf area index was observed from clay soils with plastic residues,and lowest moisture content was observed from traditional loam soils.In conclusion,BDLM has positive effect on cotton growth,however further researches should be proposed during cotton harvesting stage.