地震作用下含软弱层顺倾岩体边坡锚固变形研究

Anchorage deformation of bedding rock slope with weak layer under earthquake loading

研制了适于浇筑的岩体相似材料,并采用浇筑方式构建了大型锚固岩体边坡相似试验模型,完成了振动台相似模型试验,且测得了地震作用下边坡两锚固界面上的应变,进而对获得的测试数据进行了分析研究。研究发现:通过配制相似材料,采用浇筑方式构建试验模型,进行振动台模型试验是可行的;地震持续作用下锚固岩体边坡地震响应增强,软弱层处砂浆在边坡岩体作用下率先变形,进而使其内的锚杆杆体变形,并随地震波的持续输入,软弱层处锚固的受力变形向两侧危岩和基岩中的锚固段发展;软弱层处锚杆杆体和砂浆的应变最大,向其两侧快速减小;地震持续作用下锚杆杆体的应变响应得到持续增强,而砂浆由于其脆性较早产生裂隙。同时,分析了地震作用下锚固边坡中力的相互作用和锚固力的传递以及锚固作用的发挥。

Similar materials of rock mass,which are suitable for pouring,are developed,then the similar test model of a largescale anchored rock slope is built by pouring,and the shaking table model test is carried out.The strains on the two anchorage interfaces are measured,and then the test data obtained are analyzed for the first time.The results show that it is feasible to complete the shaking table model test through preparing similar materials and building the test model by pouring.Under the continuous action of earthquake,the seismic response of anchored rock slope is enhanced.The mortar in the weak layer deforms first under the action of the slope rock mass,and then deforms the anchor bolt.With the continuous input of seismic waves,the deformation and stress of the anchorage in the weak layer develop towards the anchorage section in the bedrock and unstable rock.The strain on the anchor bolt and mortar in the weak layer is the largest,and decreases rapidly to both sides.The strain response of anchor bolt is strengthened continuously under the action of earthquake,but the mortar cracks earlier because of its brittleness.At the same time,the interaction and transfer law of force in anchored slope and the anchoring effect under earthquake are analyzed.This research can provide important reference for the theoretical research,numerical simulation and seismic design and construction of ground anchorages.