氰化尾渣无害化处理回收技术研究

Study on Harmless Treatment and Recovery Technology of Cyanide Tailings

本研究通过添加药剂对氰化尾渣进行洗涤和固液分离,然后分别进行沉铜试验、脱钙镁试验、膜浓缩反渗透试验和破氰条件试验,找到了最佳药剂添加量和反应时间参数。当沉铜药剂用量为0.5 mg/L,沉铜药剂反应时间为10 min时,铜回收率为98.91%;洗涤水经二级膜系统处理后,浓缩率为15.68%,透过率为5.26%;当破氰药剂用量≥3 mg/L,破氰药剂反应时间为30 min时,处理后氰化尾渣经浸出毒性检测,含量为0.14 mg/L,低于《一般工业固体废物贮存、处置场污染控制标准》(GB 18599—2001)中的排放限值(0.5 mg/L);破氰后的水质为0.42 mg/L,去除率为97.95%,低于污水综合排放标准(GB 8978—2002)中的最高允许排放浓度。

In this study,the cyanide tailings were washed and solid-liquid separated by adding chemicals,and then the copper precipitation test,decalcification magnesium test,membrane concentration reverse osmosis test and cyanide breaking condition test were carried out respectively,and the optimal dosage and reaction time parameters were found.When the amount of copper sinking agent is 0.5 mg/L and the reaction time of copper sinking agent is 10 minutes,the copper recovery rate is 98.91%;after the washing water is treated by the secondary membrane system,the concentration rate is 15.68%and the transmission rate is 5.26%;when the amount of the cyanide breaking agent is≥3 mg/L and the reaction time of the cyanide breaking agent is 30 minutes,the cyanide tailings after treatment are tested for leaching toxicity and the content is 0.14 mg/L,which is lower than the emission limit(0.5 mg/L)in the"General Industrial Solid Waste Storage and Disposal Pollution Control Standards"(GB 18599—2001);the water quality after breaking cyanide is 0.42 mg/L,and the removal rate is 97.95%,which is lower than the maximum allowable discharge concentration in the"Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard"(GB 8978—2002).