高原藏族牧民慢病现状调查与分析

Investigation and Analysis of Chronic Diseases of Tibetan Herdsmen in Plateau

目的调查海拔4700m以上地区藏族牧民慢病现状及常见疾病,为精准、健康扶贫提供科学依据。方法采用随机、分层、整群抽样的方法,抽取729名常住成年牧民,将人群按照年龄分组;原始数据用EpiData V4.4.1.0建立数据库,运用SPSS 22.0进行统计分析。结果 (1)人群慢病患病率为79.01%,女性患病率明显高于男性;(2)慢病患病率与年龄呈正相关;(3)不同性别慢病顺位不同,女性以关节炎、消化道系统疾病为主,男性以关节炎、消化系统疾病、高血压为主;(4)不同年龄段慢病顺位不同,特别是在40~79岁男性中,高血压为最常见慢病;附件炎在本地藏族女性牧民,尤其是年轻女性中发病率较高。结论全县近80%成年牧民患慢病,改变高海拔地区牧民生活行为方式,普及推广慢病管理、治疗非常迫切。

Objective To investigate the chronic disease status and common disease spectrum of Tibetan herdsmen in areas above 4700m above sea level,so as to provide scientific basis for accurate and healthy poverty alleviation.Methods 729 adult herdsmen were selected by random,stratified and cluster sampling.The sample population was divided into groups according to their age;the original data was established by EpiData v4.4.1.0,and the statistical analysis was conducted by spss22.0 software.Results①The prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 79.01%,which was significantly higher in women than in men.②The prevalence of chronic diseases was posi⁃tively correlated with age.③The order of chronic diseases was different among genders,with arthritis and digestive tract diseases in women,and arthritis,digestive system diseases and hypertension in men.④The order of chronic diseases in different age groups was different,especially in men aged 40-79.Hypertension was the most common chronic disease,and the incidence rate of gynecological diseases represented by annexitis was higher among the lo⁃cal Tibetan herdsmen,especially among young women.Conclusion Nearly 80%of the adult herdsmen in the county suffer from chronic diseases.It is urgent to change the lifestyle of herdsmen in high altitude areas and popularize the management and treatment of chronic diseases.