职官·地理·文学——解读李谔《上书正文体》的三重视野

Official System,Historical Geography and Literary View:The TriplePerspective of Interpreting Shangshu zhengwen ti Written by Li E

隋朝终结了南北朝的分裂局面,实行中央集权,文书行政成为帝国运作的基本特征,文书的风格亦由此成为政治问题。隋文帝诏令"公私文翰,并宜实录",治书侍御史李谔希旨上书,欲以文字狱革除南朝绮靡文风,他对"江左齐梁"的批评似针对地方州县的旧齐士人而发,文学复古并非其宗旨,而是其反文学的手段。自职官制度、历史地理、文学观念三重视野交互观之,可透视《上书正文体》这一文学批评史名篇中蕴涵的政治和文化意义。

The Sui(581-618)ended the division of the Northern and Southern Dynasties by fortifying the centralized state power.Official documents became basic in the empire’s operation,and the styles of the document also became a political issue.Emperor Wendi promulgated the decree that both documents and private writings were to show what actually happened.As the chief supervisory official,Li E catered to the emperor’s ambition and presented a petition with the desire to abolish the florid style of writing by dint of literary inquisition.His criticism on the style of writing in the Southern Dynasties was possibly directed against the local scholars of the Northern Qi Dynasty.Actually literary renaissance was not his ultimate end,but a means of opposing the growth of literature.Discussing from the triple perspective of official system,historical geography and literary view,we can comprehend clearly the political and literal meaning included in Shangshu zhengwen ti,a famous piece of literary criticism composed by Li E.