特长铁路隧道超深竖井模式下防灾疏散及救援技术研究

Study on the Evacuation and Rescue Technology for Super-long Railway Tunnels with Super-deep Shafts in Disaster Scenarios

特长隧道内列车发生火灾和故障事故对铁路运营安全危害极大,给隧道内人员疏散、外部抢险救援及运营管理带来极大挑战。文章以我国目前最长的大丽至瑞丽铁路高黎贡山隧道(34.538 km)为依托工程,开展特长隧道防灾疏散及救援方案研究,制定了铁路隧道防灾疏散救援的总体原则及不同事故灾害形式下的疏散策略,提出了超深竖井主副井模式下紧急救援站的设置型式,建立了竖井式紧急救援站人员疏散及通风排烟系统,提出了复线隧道及初期单线隧道条件下的半横向通风、排烟方案,并制定了火灾紧急情况下的防灾救援管理模式及消防救援预案。

Train fire and fault accidents are harmful to operation safety in super-long railway tunnels,which brings great challenges to personnel evacuation,external rescue and operation management.Based on the Gaoligongshan tunnel(34.538 km long)on Dali-Ruili railway which is the current longest traffic tunnel in China,relevant researches on the evacuation and rescue scheme for disaster prevention of the super-long tunnel are carried out,the general principle of evacuation and rescue for disaster prevention and evacuation strategies under different disaster scenarios are determined,and the layout pattern of the emergency rescue station under the condition of super-deep main and auxiliary shafts is put forward.Furthermore,the ventilation and smoke exhaust system for personnel evacuation from the emergency rescue station with shafts is established,the semi-transverse ventilation and smoke exhaust schemes for double-track tunnel option and single-track tunnel option in initial operation stage are put forward,and the disaster prevention and rescue management mode as well as the evacuation and rescue plan under fire scenarios are determined.