流动人口社会身份认同、过度劳动与城乡差异

Social Identity,Overwork and Urban-Rural Difference of Migrant Workers

我国流动人口过度劳动问题非常严重,而现有相关研究还相对缺乏。本文基于2017年中国国家卫生健康委员会流动人口调查数据,分析流动人口城市身份认同对过度劳动的影响。我们认为如果流动人口融入城市,将可能由于示范效应等途径而降低其过度劳动可能。在基础OLS分析之后,本文使用了工具变量并引入交互项进一步识别二者间的因果关系,发现流动人口产生城市本地身份认同能够有效缓解过度劳动发生,并减少过度劳动时间,而城乡户籍流动人口间差异不明显。向上模仿、未来去向和本地适应都是产生影响的机制。本文还根据流动人口的特征对过度劳动情况进行了异质性分析。除对过度劳动情况的广度进行分析外,本文对过度劳动时间即过度劳动的深度也进行了研究,并得到了一致性的结论。本文的政策含义是加强流动人口社会融合可以减少过度劳动并改善流动人口健康。

The overwork problem of migrant workers is very serious in China,which is still less studied,however.Based on the China Migrants Dynamic Survey conducted by the National Health Commission of China in 2017,this paper analyzes the impact of social identity of migrant workers on overwork.We believe that if the migrants integrated into the city,it may reduce the possibility of overwork due to the demonstration effect.After the basic OLS analysis,we use the instrumental variable and differencing method to identify the causal effect.We find that the local identity of migrant workers can significantly alleviate the occurrence of overwork and reduce hours of overwork.There is no significant difference between migrant workers with urban and those with rural hukou.We also find that upward imitation,future uncertainty and local adaptation are possible mechanisms.The policy implication of this paper is that promoting the social integration of migrant workers can reduce overwork and improve their health.