进口竞争与中国企业出口产品质量

Import Competition and Export Product Quality of Chinese Enterprises

积极扩大进口是我国新一轮高水平对外开放的重要内容,出口产品质量是经济高质量发展的重要维度,本文实证研究了进口竞争对中国制造业企业出口产品质量的影响。研究结果表明:(1)最终品进口竞争显著抑制了企业出口产品质量提升,而投入品进口竞争显著促进了企业出口产品质量提升,且最终品进口竞争的抑制效应大于投入品进口竞争的促进效应,进口竞争总体上表现为显著抑制了中国企业出口产品质量提升。(2)进口竞争主要是通过抑制企业创新路径降低企业出口产品质量,且较高程度的知识产权保护不利于进口竞争促进企业出口产品质量提升。(3)虽然进口竞争对高生产率企业、内资企业、技术密集型企业、出口到中低收入国家企业出口产品质量的抑制作用比较显著,但进口竞争会显著促进低生产率企业出口产品质量提升。因此,政府有关部门需要科学认识进口、知识产权保护与创新之间的关系,从而更好利用进口竞争的创新效应以服务我国经济高质量发展。

Actively expanding imports is an important part of China s new round of opening-up at a higher level,and the quality of export products is an important dimension of high-quality economic development.This paper studies the impact of import competition on export product quality of Chinese manufacturing enterprises.The results show that:(1)The import competition of final products significantly prevents enterprises from increasing the quality of export products,while the import competition of input products significantly improves export quality of enterprises,and the negative effect of final product import competition is greater than the positive effect of input product import competition in magnitude.Overall,import competition has significance inhibited the quality of Chinese enterprises export product.(2)Import competition mainly reduces the quality of export products by inhibiting enterprise innovation,and a higher level of intellectual property rights protection is not conductive to the positive effect of import competition on export product quality.(3)Although import competition has a significantly negative effect on the export product quality of high productivity enterprises,domestic funded enterprises,technology intensive enterprises and enterprises exporting to low and middle income countries,import competition significantly promotes the export product quality of low productivity enterprises.Therefore,in order to make better use of the innovation effect of import competition and achieve high-quality economic development,the government needs to scientifically understand the relationship between import,intellectual property rights protection and innovation.