后伦理时代的精神病理学探赜:诊断与治疗

Psychopathology in the post-ethical era:diagnosis and treatment

同历史上疾疫大流行一样,新冠病毒肆虐撕裂了原有社会肌理结构,可谓既是一场针对社会关系本质属性的病理考验,也是一场校验时代伦理状况的思想考验。在新冠疫情全球性干预之理论与实践双重反思的背景中,病理学在经过理论拓值和方法延展之后可以用来研判时代状况,进而为健康之精神生活提供一种学理上的支持。事实上,在精神现象学启发下精神病理学方法从一开始就被社会理论家纳入对于现代性之缘起问题的考察中,这一研究范式经由韦伯理解社会学到鲍曼道德社会学的一路传承与推进,至今依然在诸向度的批判性社会理论中大放异彩。国内学者亦自觉到了这一方法的时代意义,以此设置出的"后伦理时代"议题清晰勾画中国人一个多世纪以来精神转型的质性及其蕴含的深层问题。"后伦理"亦是晚期现代性或自反性现代化正相面对的价值情境,不管是面对全球化现代性的高歌猛进还是"新冠"之后的逆全球化或去全球化,只有期待伦理与道德的"一起到来",方才能够建造稳固强健的精神生活,从而成为各方共同应对不确定之痛的信心之源和信念之根。

Like other epidemics,COVID-19 has torn apart the fabric of our society.It is not only a pathological test on the nature of social relations,but also an ideological test on the social ethics today.We find that pathology can be used to explain social situations,and accordingly provides a theoretical support for a healthy spiritual life.In fact,inspired by the phenomenology of mind,psychopathological method has been borrowed to investigate the origin of modernity by social theorists such as Weber and Baumann,and still works in the critical social theory of various dimensions.Scholars at home discuss the essence of the over-one-century spiritual transformation of the Chinese nation and its underlying reasons under the topic of the"post ethical era".The"post ethics"is also the situation that the late modernity or the reflexive modernization must be faced with.To live a healthy spiritual life,we expect the"arrival"of both ethics and morality to reduce the uncertainties about our future.