易道的显现与感通:以“象”为枢机的分析

The appearance and feeling of Yidao:an analysis of Xiang

在易学中,道与器之间有分别而不相离,二者之分别就在"形"上,故《系辞传》曰:"形而上者谓之道,形而下者谓之器。"形著之前为道,形著之后为器,形著这个过程便是"象"。故"象"乃是体悟和理解易道的枢机。《周易》以阴阳的变化展现道体,这一过程称之为"见象"。"见象"乃是道体由"寂然不动"到"感而遂通"的关键环节。故易之象,可上通于道,下及于物,人通过"观象"去成己、成物。但值得注意的是,一旦"象"被人们所观,它就成了一个已论之物,那么它就会被局限、被限定。故我们最终还需要通过"损之又损"的活动对其进行还原,向道回归,而这一活动便是"忘象"。

In the theory of Yi ology,Tao(道)and objects(器)are distinct but not separable from each other.Xi Ci states:"What is prior to physical form pertains to the Tao,and what is subsequent to physical form pertains to objects."As the process of forming is image(象),images is the key to understanding Tao.But once the image is viewed by us,it turns into a thing under discussion and within limits.Therefore,we need to restore image through the activities of"damage and loss"in order to return to Tao,which is the process of"forgetting image".