长期有氧运动改善甲基苯丙胺成瘾者对毒品的渴求——来自alpha波的证据

Effects of Long-term Aerobic Exercise on Drug Craving of Methamphetamine Addicts——Evidence from Alpha Wave

目的:探讨长期有氧运动对甲基苯成瘾者主观渴求的改善作用,以及相应的大脑电生理机制,同时比较中、高强度长期有氧运动的效果差异。方法:将甲基苯丙胺成瘾者随机分为对照组、中等强度运动组和高强度运动组。对中等强度运动组和高强度运动组分别进行12周中、高强度有氧运动干预,对照组维持原运动量不变。在12周干预前后分别进行线索暴露测试,记录主观渴求视觉模拟(VAS)评分和大脑额区alpha波能量,并探求二者间的相关关系。结果:1)中等强度运动组和高强度运动组后测主观渴求VAS评分显著低于前测,对照组主观渴求VAS评分前后测无显著差异。2)在前测时,3组被试观看毒品线索时alpha波能量值均显著低于观察中性线索时alpha波能量值。在后测时,对照组观看毒品线索时alpha波能量值依旧显著低于观察中性线索alpha波能量值,但中等强度运动组和高强度运动组观看毒品线索时alpha波能量值与观看中性线索时已无显著差异。3)在前测和后测中,观看毒品线索时主观渴求VAS评分与额区Fz点的alpha波能量值均成显著负相关。结论:1)中等和高强度长期有氧运动均能有效降低甲基苯丙胺成瘾者的主观渴求度。2)中等和高强度长期有氧运动均可以通过对毒品线索暴露条件下alpha波的增强,提升成瘾者在药物渴求状态下的自我调控功能。

Objective To explore the effect of long-term aerobic exercise of different intensities on drug craving of methamphetamine addicts and explore the electrophysiological mechanism of their brain.Methods Methamphetamine addicts were randomized to a high-or moderate-intensity exercise group,and a control group.The exercise groups did exercise as their group names implied for 12 weeks,while no intervention was given to the control group.Before and after the intervention,all groups were assessed using the cue-induced test.Meanwhile,the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores of drug craving and brain alpha energy were recorded and their relationship was analyzed.Results The average VAS scores of drug craving decreased significantly in the exercise groups after the intervention,while no significant differences were observed in the control group.Before the intervention,the alpha wave energy when looking at the drug cue was significantly lower than when looking at neutral cues for the three groups.However,after the intervention,no significant differences were found in the alpha wave energy when looking at different cues in both exercise groups.Before and after the intervention,the average VAS scores were significantly and negatively correlated with the alpha wave energy of the frontal area.Conclusions Long-term high-or moderate-intensity aerobic exercise can effectively lower the drug craving of methamphetamine addicts,by promoting their self-control through strengthening the drug-induced alpha wave.