先天性支气管囊肿CT 及MRI 诊断价值

Value of CT and MRI in diagnosis of bronchogenic cysts

目的探讨先天性支气管源性囊肿(bronchogenic cysts,BC)的计算机断层扫描(computerized tomography,CT)及磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging,MRI)诊断。方法回顾性分析经手术病理证实的23例BC患者的CT及MRI表现和临床资料。结果纵隔内11例,其中前纵隔4例,中纵隔3例,后纵隔4例,均为单发,呈类圆形,边缘光滑,密度均匀;其中一例合并出血和感染,平扫表现为稍高密度影、CT值约为50~60 HU,增强扫描可见轻度强化;其余纵隔型BC均表现为平扫低密度影,CT值约为10~30 HU,增强扫描未见明显强化。肺内10例,均为单发类圆形或椭圆形病灶,其中3例为含气囊腔,7例为囊性低密度影,增强扫描未见明显强化。颅内2例,位于左侧额部,MRI表现为椭圆形T1WI低信号,T2WI高信号影,一例其后份可见片状T1WI、T2WI稍高信号影,增强扫描均未见强化。结论支气管囊肿的CT及MRI表现有一定的相对特征性,结合临床综合分析可提高诊断正确率。

Objective To discuss the computerized tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)diagnosis of bronchogenic cysts(BCs).Methods The CT and MRI findings and clinical data of 23 cases with bronchogenic cysts confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed.Results 11 cases in mediastinum include anterior mediastinum(4 cases),middle mediastinum(3 cases)and Posterior mediastinum(4 cases),all of the cases were single,round in shape,smooth in edge and uniform in density.One of them was complicated with bleeding and infection,The plain scan showed a slightly higher density,The CT value is about 50~60 HU,and mild enhancement can be seen on enhanced scan.The other mediastinal BC showed low density shadow in plain scan,The CT value is about 10~30 HU,and enhanced scan showed no obvious enhancement.10 cases in lung,all of them were single round or oval lesions,among them,3 cases were air capsule cavity and Cystic low density shadow in 7 cases,and enhanced scan showed no obvious enhancement.Two cases were in the intracranium,located in the left forehead,T1WI low signal and T2WI high signal in MRI,flaky hyperintensity was found on T1WI,T2WI at the posterior of one of the lesion,and no enhancement was found in lesion.Conclusion The CT and MRI features of bronchogenic cyst showed relative characteristic features,In combination with clinical data and comprehensive analysis,the diagnostic accuracy of BCs can be increased.