美国、芬兰、瑞典中小学音乐教育的比较与思考

Comparison of and Reflection on the Differences in Music Education between America,Finland and Sweden

美国、芬兰、瑞典的中小学音乐课程较有代表性地反映了国际上不同的音乐教育模式。美国的音乐课程标准化高,内容理论系统性强;芬兰的课程开放度高,强调教师的主导性和学习体验与实践;瑞典的校外延展音乐教育很有特点。对美、芬、瑞三国音乐教育的分析比较,为我国音乐教育中平衡标准化与个性化、讲解与实践体验提供经验和借鉴,显示高素养教师、多样化实践体验式教学和校外延展课程的重要性。

The music curricula of the primary and secondary schools in the United States,Finland,and Sweden are representative of the various music education models in the world.The American music curriculum is highly standardized with well-organized content.Finland has a very open curriculum and emphasizes the teacher’s role in music teaching and students’learning experience and practice.Sweden offers a very characteristic extended music learning program after school.The comparison and analysis of the music education in these three countries provide experience and references for Chinese music education in order to balance standardization and individualization,and explanation and practical experience.They also fully demonstrate the significance of highly qualified teachers,diversified experiential teaching,and after-school extended curriculum.