基于自然和社会要素影响的清江流域生态系统服务研究

Study on the Ecological System Service of Qing River Basin on the Basis of Natural and Social Factors

清江流域生态系统作为湖北西南山区重要的生态屏障,对山地城镇的发展具有重要意义。为反映清江流域生态系统服务价值的空间异质性,运用加权求和法、层次分析法和区位熵法分析并归因。结果表明:(1)清江流域生态风险源分布在人口密集的中下游流域,受洪涝、干旱、塌荒等地质灾害影响较大,应降低灾害风险对生态系统造成的影响;(2)研究区生态环境与经济分布不协调,其中恩施市等经济发展水平与植被覆盖率较高,巴东县等经济发展水平与植被覆盖率最低;(3)研究区总生态系统服务价值为3.96×106万元,流域内生态系统服务价值分布与土地面积表现为不协调。研究结果为政府决策者在实施可持续发展战略提供科学合理的依据。

As an important ecological barrier in the southwestern mountainous area in Hubei,the ecological system of Qing River basin is of great significance to the urban development in mountainous area.In order to reflect the spatial heterogeneity of Ecosystem Service Value(ESV)per unit area in Qing River basin,this paper investigates the natural and social factors that affect the ESV with weighted sum method,analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and location quotient(LQ).The results show that:(1)The ecological risk source of Qing river valley are mainly distributed in middle and lower reaches of densely populated areas,which are greatly affected by flood,drought,collapse and other geological disasters,and the impact of disaster risk on ecosystem should be reduced;(2)The ecological environment and economic distribution in the study area are not harmonious.The economic development level and the vegetation coverage rate of Enshi City and Changyang County are higher,and the economic development level and the vegetation coverage rate of Badong County,Hefeng County and Wufeng County are the lowest.(3)The total ESV of the study area is 39.6 billion,and the distribution of ESV in the basin was the opposite of the land area distribution.The research results provide scientific and reasonable basis for government decision makers in the process of the future implementation of sustainable development strategy.