污染防治攻坚战进展和“两个正面清单”实践情况分析——以全国78个省市县和16个样本点调研结果为例

The advance of the Tough Battle for Pollution Prevention and Policy implementation of“Two Positive Lists”:survey on 78 places and 16 traced sample sites

从理论上看,习近平生态文明思想拓宽了民生概念的范畴,以“五位一体”总体布局的全方位角度看待生态环境对人民幸福生活的作用是其基本民生观的重要特征。从实践上看,短期内顺利完成污染防治攻坚战阶段性目标、长期处理好生态环境保护与经济社会发展之间的关系,是践行习近平生态文明思想基本民生观的重要表现。本文以全国78个省(区、市)、市、县(区、市)和16个样本点为调研对象,围绕污染防治攻坚战进展和“两个正面清单”实践情况深入开展了访谈和问卷调研,一方面梳理了污染防治攻坚战的经验做法,同时分析得出基层普遍预计能够完成污染防治攻坚战目标要求但能源结构调整、任务型指标完成仍是难点,且基础设施建设、自然条件本身制约、各责任主体思想认识、制度完善和机制落实等也是制约生态环境质量持续好转的主要因素;另一方面,总结了截至目前“两个正面清单”的实施成效和存在的七方面问题。最后,针对问题提出了相关建议思路。

On theory,Xi Jinping’s Thought on Ecological Civilization has broadened the scope of people’s livelihood,including the importance of ecology and environment to people’s happiness from the point of the Five-sphere Integrated Plan.Furthermore,to complete the stage target of pollution prevention by the end of 2020 and to deal with ecology and environment protection and economic development in the long term are two of the achievements of practice.Taking 78 places and 16 traced sample sites as research objects,this paper carried out in-depth interview and questionnaire survey.On the one hand,it summarizes the experience and problems of the Tough Battle for Pollution Prevention,finding that the goal can be basically successfully completed but still with some difficult points like energy structure adjustment,project schedule,influence of natural conditions,Lack of ideological awareness,imperfect systems and mechanisms.On the other hand,it sorts out the effectiveness of the policy implementation of the“Two Positive Lists”and the existing problems in seven aspects.Finally,some suggestions are put forward at the end of the article.