300例未婚人工流产女性生殖健康知-信-行及健康状况调查

Investigation on the reproductive health status and the knowledge-attitude-practice of reproductive health of 300 unmarried women

目的:了解未婚人工流产女性生殖健康状况及其生殖健康知-信-行。方法:选取本院行人工流产术的未婚女性300例,通过妇科检查、实验室检测了解其生殖健康状况,发放自制《生殖健康知-信-行调查问卷》,调查其生殖健康知-信-行水平。结果:300例中共检出生殖道感染161例(53.7%),前3位分别为念珠菌性阴道炎(37.3%)、细菌性阴道病(22.4%)和滴虫性阴道炎(15.5%)。被调查对象对“月经周期的定义”、“月经提前或推后1周属正常”、“使用安全套是防治性病最安全有效的措施”的知晓率较高,分别为92.0%、85.0%和71.0%,对其他生殖健康知识的认知水平较低,知晓率在40.0%~59.0%。32.0%的被调查者支持婚前性行为,15.0%赞同未婚先孕,80.0%认为人工流产危害大,89.3%认为婚前性行为有必要使用避孕套,88.7%表示愿意在今后性行为中采取避孕措施,仅10.0%被调查者对诊所流产广告持信任态度。被调查者首次性交年龄段以16~18岁和19~24岁居多,分别占50.3%和43.0%,40.3%首次性交时有避孕措施,10.0%每次性生活都采取避孕措施,33.0%由自己决定是否采取避孕措施,主要避孕方式为避孕套(40.3%),事后紧急避孕占26.0%。结论:未婚人工流产女性的生殖健康状况不容乐观,生殖健康认知水平低,生殖健康态度较为积极但相关行为并不理想,有必要加强未婚女性生殖健康知识教育及生殖保健服务,以引导其正确的生殖健康相关行为。

Objective:To understand the reproductive health status of unmarried women,and to study their knowledge-attitude-practice of reproductive health.Methods:300 unmarried women who underwent artificial abortion were selected as the subjects.Their reproductive health status was detected by gynecological examination and laboratory test.Their knowledge-attitude-practice situations were investigated by self designed questionnaire.Results:161 cases(53.7%)were found with reproductive tract infection,among them,the top three were candidal vaginitis(37.3%),bacterial vaginosis(22.4%),and trichomonal vaginitis(15.5%).The awareness rate of respondents on"definition of menstrual cycle","menstruation in advance or one week later was normal","condom used was the most safe and effective measure to prevent and control sexually transmitted diseases"were high,which accounted for 92.0%,85.0%,and 71.0%,respectively,and the awareness rate on other reproductive health knowledge was low(40.0-59.0%).32.0%respondents supported premarital sexual behavior,15.0%respondents agreed with premarital pregnancy,80.0%respondents believed that abortion was harmful,89.3%respondents would liked to use condoms in premarital sexual behavior,88.7%respondents wanted contraceptive measures in future sexual behavior,but only 10.0%respondents held a trust attitude to the clinic's advertise of abortion.The age of the first sexual intercourse of respondents was mainly 16-18 years old and 19-24 years old,which accounted for 50.3%and 43.0%,respectively,40.3%respondents used contraceptive measures when the first sexual intercourse,10.0%respondents used contraceptive measures in each sexual life.33.0%respondents had decided contraceptive used by themselves and the main contraceptive method were condom and emergency contraception,which accounted for accounting for 40.3%and 26.0%,respectively.Conclusion:The reproductive health status of unmarried women is not optimistic,whose cognitive level of reproductive health is low,and although their attitude of reproductive health is more positive,the behavior related to reproductive health is not ideal.So it is necessary to strengthen the education of reproductive health knowledge and reproductive health services for unmarried women,so as to guide their reproductive health-related behaviors.