水体典型污染物的生物炭去除机理研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of biochar for removal of typical water pollutants

生物炭是无氧或限氧条件下热解获得的富碳固体材料,具有丰富的表面官能团和巨大的比表面积,能够高效吸附环境介质中存在的多种污染物,在水体净化方面具有巨大的应用前景。为了推动生物炭在环境污染物修复方面的发展和应用,介绍了生物质原料、热解方式及热解温度等主要因素对生物炭物化特性的影响,归纳分析了生物炭去除水体中重金属离子、无机非金属盐及有机污染物的主要作用机理,为生物炭材料制备、改造和工程化应用提供理论基础。在此基础上,对生物炭作为吸附剂存在的问题进行了总结,提出了未来生物炭吸附剂的发展方向。

As a kind of carbon-rich material with rich surface functional groups and huge specific surface area,biochar can be pyrolyzed under the oxygen-free or restricted conditions.It is a very efficient sorbent for the removal of various pollutants in the environment and is expected to influence the diffusion of pollutants.In recent years,the application of biochar as an adsorbent in water purification has been widely concerned in scientific research and future engineering.In order to prepare biochar with target removal effect,the factors that affect the properties of biochar and the adsorption mechanism of biochar for water pollutants such as heavy metals,inorganic nonmetallic salts,and organics were summarized.On this basis,the limitation of research in using biochar as adsorbent wass discussed,and the development of biochar adsorbent in the future was proposed.