历史和法理视域下的南海仲裁结果评析——兼论中国的因应之策

Analysis of the South China Sea Arbitration Results from the Perspective of History and Juridical Logic:Also on China's Coping Strategies

2016年7月12日,中菲南海争议仲裁庭对菲律宾单方面强制提出的南海仲裁案作出了仲裁,从中国的“历史性权利和‘九段线’”“岛礁的地位”等5个方面出发,作出了“一边倒”地偏袒菲律宾的裁决,判定中国在南海的行为“违法”。然而,仲裁庭设立程序、人员构成、仲裁庭没有管辖权以及菲律宾的相关做法都决定了裁决结果没有法律效力。基于此,中国政府宣布对该裁决结果采取“不接受、不承认”的态度,并在南海地区采取了一些实质性行动加以应对。此外,中国政府还从加强中菲经济交流、采取合纵连横的策略以及加强对南海争端的研究等方面着手,促进中菲南沙争端通过双边和平谈判的方式得到解决。

On July 12,2016,Arbitral Tribunal for the South China Sea Disputes between China and the Philippines arbitrated the South China Sea arbitration case unilaterally,which had been imposed by the Philippines.From five aspects,i.e.China s historic rights,the nine-dash line,and the status of islands and reefs,the Permanent Arbitration Tribunal gave a ruling that was totally in favor of the Philippines.The ruling said that china s behaviors in the South China Sea were illegal.However,the establishment of proceedings of the Arbitration Tribunal,the selection of arbitrators,the lack of judicial right of the arbitral tribunal,and the related conduct of the Philippines made the arbitrament invalid.Based on this,the Chinese government announced that she would never accept or recognize the result of the arbitrament,and took some substantive actions in the South China Sea to deal with it.In addition,the Chinese government took some steps to promote the settlement of the Spratlys dispute through bilateral peace negotiations,with strengthening Sino-Philippines economic exchanges,adopting a strategy of joining forces,and strengthening research on the South China Sea dispute.