良性阵发性位置性眩晕的临床特征及反复发作的风险因素分析

Analysis on the clinical features of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and its risk factors of repeated relapse

目的探讨良性阵发性位置性眩晕的临床特征及反复发作的风险因素。方法选取2019年1~12月于我院就诊的良性阵发性位置性眩晕患者58例,根据患者是否复发分为复发组(n=38)和未复发组(n=20),分析两组患者的一般临床特征,考察BPPV患者复发的单因素分析,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析BPPV患者反复发作的独立危险因素。结果两组患者的性别、年龄及半规管类型比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),半规管类型中后半规管占比最高;与未复发组比较,复发组患者的高血压和高脂血症例数均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,高血压、高脂血症及脑卒中是BPPV患者反复发作的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论良性阵发性位置性眩晕患者以后半规管占比最高,高血压、高脂血症及脑卒中是诱导其反复发作的独立危险因素。

Objective To explore the clinical features of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and analyze the risk factors of repeated relapse.Methods A total of 58 patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo admitted to our hospital from January to December 2019 were selected and divided into the relapse group(n=38)and the non-relapse group(n=20)according to whether the patients relapsed.The general clinical features of the two groups were analyzed,the univariate analysis of BPPV patients′relapse was investigated,and the independent risk factors of BPPV patients′relapse were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.Results There were no significant differences in gender,age and semicircular canal type between the two groups of patients(P>0.05),and the posterior semicircular canal accounted for the highest proportion of semicircular canal type.Compared with the non-relapse group,the cases of hypertension and hyperlipidemia in the relapse group were significantly higher,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension,hyperlipidemia and stroke were independent risk factors for relapsed BPPV patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The posterior semicircular canal accounts for the highest proportion in patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo,and hypertension,hyperlipidemia and stroke are independent risk factors for inducing repeated relapse.