秋制雄蚕杂交种“秋·华×平30”的孵化率调查

Investigation on Hatching Rate of Male-only Silkworm Hybrid"Qiu·Hua×Ping 30"Producedin Autumn

雄蚕生命力强、叶丝转化率高、茧丝质优。雄蚕杂交种理论孵化率≤50%,孵化的全为雄蚕。雄蚕品种“秋·华×平30”自推广以来,生产上时有孵化率高于50%的情况。本文选用杭州千岛湖蚕种有限公司的秋制“秋·华×平30”雄蚕杂交种,采取3种不同活化处理方式孵化,调查各处理雄蚕杂交种的孵化率。结果表明:3种不同处理方式对“秋·华×平30”秋制种的孵化率影响不大,其高孵化率卵圈占比均低于10%;相比之下,即浸种较易发生高孵化率卵圈,而冷浸种和越年种的高孵化率发生概率相对较低。此结果与前期试验的春制“秋·华×平30B”雄蚕种3种活化处理方式的孵化率影响规律大致相同,但春制越年种在3种不同活化处理方式中的高孵化率发生概率明显较低。综合二次试验来看,无论是春制还是秋制,“秋·华×平30”越年种发生高孵化率的概率相对较低,具体原因仍有待进一步研究。

The male silkworm is characterizedby strong vitality,high conversion rate of mulberry leaves and excellent cocoon and silk quality.The hatching rate of male-onlysilkworm hybrids should be 50%orless,and all of hatched larvae should be male.Since the male-only silkworm variety"Qiu·Hua×Ping 30"was popularized inpractical production,the hatching rate was higher than 50%occasionally.The hybrideggs of"Qiu·Hua×Ping 30"producedby Hangzhou Qiandaohu Silkworm Eggs Co.,Ltdin autumn was incubated by three different methods and the corresponding hatchingrates were investigated at present paper.The results showed that three different methods had little effect on the hatching rate of"Qiu·Hua×Ping 30",and the proportion of egglayingswith higher hatching rate was less than 10%in all three methods.In contrast,the high hatching rate of eggs is more likely to occur in instant-acid treatment,while the occurrence probability of high hatching rate is relatively low for acid treatment after cold-stored eggs orhibernated eggs.The effect of three activatingtreatments on hatching rate of"Qiu·Hua×Ping 30"producedinautumn was similar to that of"Qiu·Hua×Ping 30B"producedinspring.The results showed that the proportion of high hatching rate ofhibernated silkworm eggsproducedin autumn or spring was lower,and itsmechanism needs further study.