2019年中国饲料与原料霉菌毒素检测报告

China mycotoxin survey of feed and raw material in 2019

秋季玉米霉菌毒素水平会受到产地、气候、收贮条件等的影响,2019年10月中旬受台风影响,辽宁秋季玉米的品质普遍下降,尤其是霉菌毒素污染方面,据我们调查得知,其中呕吐毒素和伏马毒素污染程度大幅升高,是最需引起重视的两种霉菌毒素。而与往年相比,北京以南玉米产区黄曲霉毒素污染程度大幅降低。畜禽饲料、奶牛TMR中主要的霉菌毒素风险是单端孢霉烯族毒素B族毒素(以呕吐毒素为代表)、伏马毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮,黄曲霉毒素风险整体呈降低趋势。尤其是在疫病防控中,霉菌毒素引起的直接的肠道黏膜损伤与免疫抑制需要格外重视,在饲料配方中结合原料检测结果针对性的应用脱毒剂,可以解决霉菌毒素带来的风险。

The level of mycotoxin in maize harvested in autumn was affected by the area,climate,stor⁃age condition and so on.The typhoon in mid-October of 2019 affected the quality of maize in Liaon⁃ing,and the risk of mycotoxin in the area was the highest in China.According to the survey,the ex⁃treme risk of maize harvested in autumn 2019 are type B trichothecenes in which deoxynivalenol(DON)is the most risk one and fumonisins(FUM).Compare with the data of previous,the risk of afla⁃toxin in the south of Beijing area decreased.DON,FUM and Zearalenone(ZEN)are mycotoxins com⁃monly found in swine feed,poultry feed and dairy cows fed total mixed ration(TMR),while the risk of aflatoxin decreased.Mycotoxins could induce injury of intestinal barrier and suppress immune system,which should be pay more attention in preventing and controlling animal diseases.Facing the mycotox⁃in problem of feed and raw materials,controlling the raw material quality and choosing proper detoxifi⁃er could solve it.