超声波应用于稠油降黏的实验研究

Experimental study of heavy oil viscosity reduction by using ultrasonic wave

稠油在我国已探明的储量中占比50%以上,而它的高密度、高黏度等特征使得其开采和运输的难度极大,因此,稠油降黏意义重大。超声波技术在稠油降黏的应用中已取得了一定的成效,但尚未得到现场大规模应用。为探究超声波在稠油降黏过程中的作用规律,基于室内实验设计了包括超声波发生器、流变仪、电子天平、恒温水浴等仪器组成的超声稠油降黏评价测试平台。在测试平台上,观测了超声波发生器的电功率、超声作用时间以及油样初始黏度对稠油降黏效果的影响。结果表明,只有在一定的条件下,超声波技术在稠油降黏中的应用才能取得较好的效果,说明了超声波技术对于稠油降黏以及油井的增产增注具有适用性。目前看来,超声波降黏技术在油田现场实际井中的应用及其降黏机理还需进一步深入的研究。

The heavy oil accounts for over 50%in the proven reserves in China,but its high density and high viscosity makes it difficult to exploit and transport,so reducing heavy oil viscosity is of great significance.The ultrasonic technology has made some achievements in the application of heavy oil viscosity reduction,but it has not been applied on a large scale in the field.In order to investigate the effect of the ultrasonic wave on heavy oil viscosity reduction,a test platform composed of ultrasonic generator,rheometer,electronic balance,water bath etc.is designed.Based on the experiments,the influences of the electric power of the ultrasonic generator,the irradiation time and the initial viscosity of heavy oil on the reduction rate of heavy oil viscosity are investigated.The results show that the ultrasonic technology can get a better viscosity reduction effect only under certain conditions,which illustrates the applicability of ultrasonic technology in reducing heavy oil viscosity and increasing production and injection of oil wells.At present,it seems that the application of this technology in the actual wells of oil field and its viscosity reduction mechanism still need to be further studied.