横切面与长时段——试谈宋元地方城市考古研究的两个面向

Cross-sectional Study and Diachronic Study——On Two Aspects of Urban A rchaeology Concerning City Ruins of Song and Yuan Dynasties

本文梳理了以往宋元地方城市考古研究,指出目前应重视两方面的新动向:对历史横切面的整体考察和对城址个案的历时性探索:在对历史横切面的整体考察中,对于新建城市的研究是一个重要的入手点与研究面向对个案城址的历时性考察中,应重视考古工作及其方案设计,加强对城内建置变迁的研究城市遗址体量巨大、沿用时间很长,因此城市考古工作需要将长期的工作成果像“拼七巧板”那样不断积累绘在一张总图中,并据此复原出不同时期的城市平面图,为其他方面和兄弟学科的研究奠定基础。

In this article,the author combs previous urban archaeology concerning city ruins of Song and Yuan dynasties,and points out at present two new trends should be paid attention to,i.e.the overall investigation into a historical period and contemporary events,and the diachronic study of a certain city site.For the overall investigation into a historical period and contemporary events,looking at newly built cities is an important starting point and can be furthered.For the diachronic study of a certain city site,great attention should be paid to archaeological work and scheme designing.How the city changed and developed also deserves more exploration.A city might be populated for a long time in history,and its ruins can be massive.Therefore,urban archaeological work is like doing a jigsaw puzzle by putting together pieces of archaeological evidence gathered over a long period of time.Restored city plans in different historical periods lays a foundation for researches into other aspects and disciplines.