从文学创作看前期创造社的日本空间体验

The Japanese Space Experience of the Early Creation Society in Terms of Literary Creation

日本空间体验作为激活创造社作家文学创作的媒介一直备受学界关注,但对以前期创造社核心成员对日本空间的主动性描述鲜有考察。以郁达夫、张资平、郭沫若、成仿吾等在1915—1925年创作的小说文本为中心,会发现“铁道”与“海岸”在这些文本中反复出现。他们对象征着现代文明的日本“铁道”的表述既呈现出惊奇和向往,又寄托着中国作家群体的民族焦虑。而作为与现代文明对立的存在,象征自然的“海岸”被给予了深刻的赞美和怀恋,群体性的民族焦虑在“海岸”这一乌托邦想象中得到了慰藉。从前期创造社成员的“日本空间体验”这一角度出发,挖掘其民族焦虑背后的集体想象,或有助于探讨异域体验之于中国现代文学变迁的重大意义。

The space experience in Japan,a medium to activate the literary creation of the Creation Society writers,has been paid much attention by academic circles.However,there is little research on the initiative description of Japanese space by the core members of the early Creation Society.It is found that“railway”and“coast”appear repeatedly in the texts of novels by Yu Dafu,Zhang Ziping,Guo Moruo,Cheng Fangwu and other writers between 1915 and 1925.They wonder and yearn for the expression of Japanese“railway”that symbolizes the modern civilization on which to rest the national anxiety of Chinese writers.As the antithesis of modern civilization,“coast”,a symbol of nature,has been praised deeply and thought of nostalgically and the utopian image of“coast”serves as a consolation to the collective anxiety of the nation.In terms of the“Japanese space experience”of those members of the early Creation Society,the paper aims to study the mass imagination behind the national anxiety,and explore the significance of foreign experiences in the changes of modern Chinese literature.