组织韧性视阈下的乡镇管理体制改革及其逻辑解析

The Reform of Township Management System and Its Logic Analysis from the Perspective of Organizational Resilience

基层治理的体制困境考验着基层党政组织韧性。乡镇管理体制改革正是基层党政组织以强化自身韧性为目标,不断回应体制困境的探索性实践。这一过程可划分为两种前后相继的环节:其一,认知环节,即从"科层制的内外张力"诊断体制困境,从"权责不等的体制惯性"理解问题形成的机理,从"简约与高效的统一"阐释改革原则;其二,行动环节,即以治权重构实现组织系统的内部优化,以协同治理实现政府与社会关系的型构,以服务优先实现组织目标的重新设定。以此为参照,可将乡镇管理体制改革逻辑归纳为政治与行政均衡逻辑、权责匹配逻辑、政社协同逻辑。遵循以上逻辑,应在基层治理的结构调适、功能转型、动员激励、资源整合等方面继续着力,构建简约高效的乡镇管理体制。

The institutional dilemma of grassroots governance tests the resilience of grass-roots party and government organizations.The reform of township management system is the exploratory practice of grass-roots party and government organizations to strengthen its resilience as the goal and constantly respond to the system dilemma.This process can be divided into two successive links:one is the cognitive link,that is,to diagnose the system dilemma from the"internal and external tension of bureaucracy",to understand the mechanism of the problem formation from the"institutional inertia of imbalance between power and responsibility",and to explain the reform principle from the"unity of simplicity and efficiency";the second is the action link,which is to realize the internal optimization of the organizational system by the reconstruction of governance,to achieve collaborative governance for realizing the relationship between government and society,and to give priority for service to achieve the goal of resetting.As a reference,the logic of the reform of township management system can be summarized as the logic of political and administrative balance,the logic of power and responsibility matching,and the logic of political and social coordination.Following the above logic,we should continue to focus on the structural debugging,functional transformation,mobilization and incentive,resource integration and other aspects of grass-roots governance to build a simple and efficient system.