“深层游戏”再思考:砀山斗鸡研究——以安徽省宿州市砀山县砀城镇田野调查为例

On"Deep Game":A Study on Cockfighting in Dangshan Ethnic Area——A Case Study of Dangcheng Town,Dangshan County,Suzhou City,Anhui Province

“巴厘岛斗鸡游戏”曾在格尔茨笔下得以“深描展演”,反观中国皖北砀山地区亦有斗鸡存在。砀山民族地区斗鸡历史悠久,至早可大致推溯至秦汉时期出现,而后历经时代变迁而不断嬗变。如今砀山斗鸡形成以斗鸡者、旁观者、田野者和文本书写者共同交叠形成的主体民族志式文化展演形态,进而形成其独有的游艺竞技法则。砀山斗鸡实际尚处“深层游戏”与“浅层游戏”的夹杂状态。砀山斗鸡作为当地特有的文化符号,在做到优秀民俗游艺文化再推广的同时,彰显着砀山回汉民众不屈不挠、顽强拼搏的性格阐释。

"Balinese cockfighting game"was once described and played in Ge-ErZi's works.Cockfighting in Dangshan ethnic areas has a long history,which can be traced back to the Qin and Han Dynasties,and then evolved continuously with changes of the times.Now,Dangshan cockfighting has developed into the main ethnographic cultural performance form which derived from the overlapping of cockfighting players,bystanders,players and text writers.Cockfighting in Dangshan is still in the mixing state of"deep game"and"shallow game".Cockfighting in Dangshan,as a local cultural symbol,shows the indomitable character of Dangshaners as this excellent folk culture is promoted further.