本科职业教育有必要抓学科建设吗?——论职业学科建设的价值意蕴

Is It Necessary for Undergraduate Vocational Education to Focus on Discipline Construction?——On the Value Implication of Vocational Discipline Construction

长期以来我国职业教育界只谈专业,不提学科,但本科职业教育的出现使得职业院校不得不重新审视职业学科建设的价值。从学科的教学科目说、创新活动说、知识门类说、科学分支说、双重形态说等定义看,学科是所有层次职业学校的客观存在。职业学科建设的特殊价值在于对职业学士学位的颁发,其理由在于:本科职业教育毕业生必然要求学校授予学士学位;学位制建立的基础是学科而不是专业;颁发职业学士学位就应该建设与其相对应的职业学科;职业学科就是指围绕一定的职业所形成的知识体系。职业学科建设对本科职业教育的普适价值主要表现在:一是专业建设提升的重要前提;二是科学研究水平提升的重要方式;三是师资团队水平提升的重要平台;四是社会服务水平提升的重要基础。

For a long time,China’s vocational education circle only talks about majors,not subjects.While the appearance of the undergraduate vocational education makes vocational colleges re-examine the value of vocational discipline construction.From the definition of teaching subject theory,innovation activity theory,knowledge category theory,science branch theory,double form theory,discipline is the objective existence of all level of vocational schools.The special value of vocational discipline construction lies in the issuance of the vocational bachelor’s degree.The reasons are as follows:(1)graduates of undergraduate vocational education must be required to obtain a bachelor’s degree;(2)academic degree system is based on subjects rather than majors;(3)the granting of a vocational bachelor’s degree should focus on the construction of the corresponding vocational discipline;and,(4)vocational discipline refers to the knowledge system formed around a certain occupation.The universal value of vocational discipline construction to undergraduate vocational education is mainly reflected in the following aspects:first,the important premise of professional construction and promotion;second,an important way to raise the level of scientific research;third,an important platform for teachers to improve their teaching and research;and fourth,a vital basis for improving the level of social services.