近二十年我国基础教育改革热点的聚类分析——学术与政策的文本考查

Cluster Analysis of Hot Spots in China’s Two Decades of Basic Education Reform:Textual Examination of Academics and Policies

为把握基础教育改革方向,明晰基础教育的未来议题,夯实教育现代化进程的奠基工程,以2000年至2020年间的学术和政策两类文本为样本,探寻该领域的改革热点。学术文本以CSSCI中基础教育类的四本期刊中782篇论文为代表,政策文本以教育部以上部门出台的173份政策为代表,以SATI3.2和SPSS22.0为工具,进行关键词词频统计、聚类分析和趋势分析。研究发现,近二十年基础教育呈现出几个特点:课程改革影响广泛深远;教育公平转向优质均衡;教师问题持续成为话题;教育体制问题渐进性成为热点。在学术研究与政策决策逐步合流的趋势下,未来在“十四五”期间,基础教育改革的实践和发展将围绕以下几个方面:教育生态将日益受到关注;教育质量将成为基础教育明确的追求;教育公益问题将引导教育公平;农村教育问题将进一步聚焦;主体将转向新一轮生本研究;招生考试将成为改革的支点。

In order to grasp the direction of the basic education reform,clarify the potential issues of basic education and consolidate the foundation of educational modernization process,the academic and policy-related texts from 2000 to 2020 are used to explore the hot spots in the educational reform,including 782 papers in the four journals of basic education in CSSCI and 173 policies issued by departments above the Ministry of Education.SATI3.2 and SPSS22.0 were applied for keyword frequency statistics,cluster and trend analysis.It was found that the basic education in the past two decades has such characteristics as the far-reaching curriculum reform,education equity to quality balance,main faculty concern and heatedly-discussed educational system.It,thus,proposed that,with the trend of gradual convergence of academic research and policy decisions,the practice and development of basic education reform in the 14th Five-year Plan period will focus on the aspects of the increasingly concerned ecology of education,the quality basic education,public welfare issues in education and education equity,rural education,research-based subjects,and fulcrum of reform in entrance examination.