我院抗血小板药物致不良反应的帕累托图分析

Pareto diagram of adverse drug reactions caused by antiplatelet drugs in our hospital

目的分析抗血小板药物所致药品不良反应(ADR)的规律、特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法收集本院2012年1月-2019年12月关于抗血小板药物的ADR报告,并进行帕累托图分析。分析导致ADR的药品种类、累及器官/系统的主要和次要因素。结果共收集抗血小板药物ADR报告216例,男性140例(64.81%),女性76例(35.19%);药师上报183例(84.72%),医师上报33例(15.28%)。帕累托图分析结果显示,导致ADR的主要药品种类为阿司匹林和氯吡格雷,所有严重的ADR均涉及阿司匹林。主要累及器官/系统以血小板、出血和凝血障碍、神经系统为主。消化道为最常见的出血部位。结论临床用药应全面考虑ADR,重点关注主要药品和累及器官系统,及时采取干预措施,减少ADR的发生。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADR) caused by antiplatelet drugs and provide evidence for rational drug use.Methods ADR reports related to antiplatelet drug administrations in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2019 were collected,and Pareto diagram was charted.The antiplatelet drug involvement and organs/systems affected were categorized.Results A total of 216 ADR cases caused by antiplatelet drugs were collected,including 140 male (64.81%) and 76 females (35.19%),among which 183 (84.72%) were reported by pharmacists,and 33 (15.28%) by doctors.Pareto chart showed that ADRs were mainly related to aspirin and clopidogrel,and all severe ADRs were attributed to aspirin.The major clinical manifestations were related to bleeding,coagulation disorders,and damage in the nervous system.Gastrointestinal hemorrhage was the most commonly reported ADR.Conclusion We should take full account of ADRs of antiplatelet drugs with special focus on the key drugs.Timely measures should be taken on ADRs detection.