成批化学伤伤员院内急救护理方案的构建

Development of the Emergency Care Plan for Mass Chemical Casualties in Hospitals

目的构建系统的成批化学伤伤员医院内急救护理方案。方法通过文献研究及质性访谈形成方案初稿,运用Delphi专家咨询法及专家小组会议论证,形成成批化学伤伤员院内救护方案。结果最终构建了适用于急救护士的成批化学伤医院内救护方案,包括初步获取成批化学伤员相关信息、急救前准备、预检分诊、洗消处置、救护处置、转运/分流、汇总上报与追踪随访等7个一级条目、15个二级条目、58个三级条目;该方案的Delphi函询专家的平均权威系数为0.862,现场论证的专家小组的平均权威系数为0.955,结果可靠性较强。结论方案聚焦成批化学伤伤员救护,突出了个人防护、洗消处置等特殊救护环节,能为成批化学伤事件应急准备及培训演练提供一定的实践指导。

Objective To develop a systematic emergency care plan for mass chemical casualties in hospitals.Methods Literature research and qualitative interviews were adopted to draft the emergency care plan.The Delphi method and expert panel meeting were adoptedfor the final version.Results An emergency care plan for mass chemical casualties in hospitals was developed.The plan was applicable for the emergency care nurse which includes 7 level I entries(including information collection,emergency treatment preparation,triage,decontamination,medical treatment,transfer,report and follow-up investigation),15 level II entries and 58 level III entries.The Delphi long-distance expert’s average authoritative coefficient was 0.862,while that of the expert panel on the spot was 0.955,which indicated that results were reliable.Conclusions The plan focuses on emergency care for mass chemical casualties in hospitals and highlights the special rescue parts such as personal protection and decontamination,which can provide guidance for emergency preparation and training exercises for chemical injury cases.