聆听契诃夫:抑郁症的叙事医学途径

Listening to Chekhov:Narrative Approaches to Depression

在生物医学模式下,抑郁症被当作只需药物干预的生物学疾病,这是一种去人文化的趋势。临床实践者逐渐意识到这一点之后,注重抑郁症的社会心理和文化认知维度的叙事医学开始在精神医学实践中展现出重要价值。抑郁症的叙事医学途径是一种注重主体性、个体性、叙事性和关系性的新方法。本文提出通过阅读和聆听契科夫的叙事作品,从虚构作品的"自由模式"进入到精神病学研究的"客观事实"领域,能够引导研究者穿过精神病学与抑郁症的真相之镜,真正理解"渡渡鸟效应"在精神病学的意义,从而帮助研究者、治疗者和被治疗者更好地理解抑郁症,最终找到治疗抑郁症的最佳叙事途径。

People’s cognition and knowledge about this disease is shallow.In the context of bio-medicine,depression has been regarded as a disease cured by medicine only.Aware of this dehumanized tendency,clinic practitioners begin to know that narrative holds a prominent place in psychiatry.Patient stories are the foundation for diagnosis and the key to managing treatment and measuring its effectiveness.This essay advocates that reading and sharing the fictional narrative works written by Anton Chekhov can help researchers and clinicians understand better the patients who suffer from depression and gain insights about how narrative can be applied in psychiatric treatments.