隔离方式对新冠肺炎防疫期间居民心理健康影响调查分析

Investigation and analysis of influence of isolation mode on psychological health of 2019-nCoV pneumonia residents′during epidemic prevention

目的了解在新冠肺炎防疫中采取不同隔离方式居民的心理健康状况。方法于2020年2月8~14日对因新冠肺炎防疫而分别采取医院隔离、酒店集中隔离点隔离和居家隔离三种不同地点隔离的广东省佛山市顺德区社区居民采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行调查。结果在SCL-90评分方面,医院隔离和酒店集中隔离居民的躯体、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖等因子得分高于居家隔离和全国成人常模(P<0.05);医院隔离居民的抑郁和焦虑得分高于酒店集中隔离(P<0.05);居家隔离居民的焦虑得分高于全国成人常模(P<0.05)。医院隔离居民的SDS分值与酒店集中隔离比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但高于居家隔离和全国成人常模(P<0.05)。医院隔离居民的SAS分值与酒店集中隔离人员比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);酒店集中隔离人员的SAS分值亦高于居家隔离和全国成人常模(P<0.05)。结论在应对新冠肺炎突发疫情时,居家隔离对居民心理健康影响相对最小,对医院和酒店隔离人群更应加强心理疏导,减少集中隔离措施带来的心理压力和相关问题。

Objective To understand 2019-nCoV pneumonia in different isolation methods of residents′mental health.Methods From 8 to 14 on February 2020,the community residents who were isolated in three different locations,hospital isolation,hotel isolation and home isolation due to 2019-nCoV pneumonia in Shunde District,Foshan City,Guangdong Province were investigated by symptom checklist 90(SCL-90),self-rating depression scale(SDS)and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)respectively.Results SCL-90 score showed that the scores of physical,interpersonal,depression,anxiety,hostility,terror and other factors of residents in hospital isolation and hotel centralized isolation were higher than those of residents in home isolation and national adult norm(P<0.05).The scores of depression and anxiety of residents in hospital isolation were higher than those of residents in hotel centralized isolation(P<0.05).The scores of anxiety of residents in home isolation were higher than those of residents in national adult norm(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the score of SDS between isolated residents in hospitals and those of centralized isolation in hotels(P>0.05),but which were higher than those of isolated residents at home and national adult norm(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the scores of SAS between isolated residents in hospitals and those of centralized isolation in hotels(P<0.05),and the scores of SAS of centralized isolation in hotels were also higher than those of isolated residents at home and national adult norm(P<0.05).Conclusion When dealing the outbreak of the 2019-nCoV pneumonia,the influence of home segregation on residents′mental health is relatively minimal.Psychological isolation should be strengthened for hospitals and hotel segregated people,and psychological pressure and related problems caused by centralized isolation measures should be reduced.