眼科引经药的源流及发展

Origin and development of meridian guiding drugs in ophthalmic

引经理论始于先秦,成于金元,达于明清,明清之后鲜有人论述。引经药,又称引经报使药,是指能引导其他药物的药力到达病变部位或某一经脉,起“向导”作用的某些药物。眼睛作为人体的一部分,具有“位置居高”“结构复杂精密”两大特性,欲使药力直达病灶极为困难。临床中,针对眼疾患者使用经典内科方剂往往难以短时间内取效,更多见的是患者服药数剂后,全身症状缓解,而作为主诉的眼部情况却迁延不愈,这是药力不达的结果,故眼科方剂中需加入引经药以引药力直达病所。应用引经药疗效显著,诸多医家运用纯熟却疏于整理。本文通过梳理引经药的源流、发展及在眼科的应用,分析眼科应用引经药的必要性。

The meridian-guiding theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine began in the pre Qin dynasty,was completed in the Jin and Yuan dynasties,and reached its peak in the Ming and Qing dynasties.But few people discussed it after the Ming and Qing dynasties.The meridian-guiding drugs refers to some drugs that can guide the drug force of other drugs to the lesion site or a certain meridian,in other words they play a guiding role.As a part of the human body,the eye has the characteristics of“high position”and“complex and precise structure”.In clinical practice,it is often difficult to take effect in a short time for patients with eye diseases by using classic internal medicine prescriptions.It is more common that after taking several doses of drugs,the symptoms of the whole body are relieved,but the eye condition as the chief complaint does not recover.These are the results of drug failure.Therefore,it is necessary to add meridian-guiding drugs into ophthalmic prescriptions to direct the drug strength to the disease site.The application of meridians inducing drugs has significant curative effect,but many doctors skilled in using them neglect to sort them out.In this paper,the origin,development and application of meridian-guiding drugs in ophthalmology were reviewed,and the necessity of applying meridian-guiding drugs in ophthalmology was analyzed.