2015-2019年深圳市龙岗区水痘疫情流行病学分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Varicella in Longgang District of Shenzhen in 2015 to 2019

目的分析深圳市龙岗区水痘疫情流行现状及特点,为该地区水痘的预防控制提供依据。方法通过"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"收集2015-2019年深圳市龙岗区水痘疫情数据,使用描述性流行病学方法对2015-2019年该地区水痘的流行的特点进行研究分析。结果2015-2019年深圳市龙岗区共发生水痘共计36567例,无死亡病例。其中龙岗街道发病率最高。每年4~6月及11月至次年1月为高发期,疫情持续时间为7~76 d不等。水痘的发病率随着年龄的增长而降低,儿童为水痘的易感人群,本次研究中14岁以下儿童占患者总数的81.18%,男女性别比为1.24∶1。各街道幼儿园及中小学罹患率为2.13%~40.00%。结论深圳市龙岗区水痘疫情形势依旧严峻,幼托人群及小学生为易感人群,中小学校是疫情发生的主要场所。建议相关部门加强对水痘的宣传和预防接种工作。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of varicella in Longgang District of Shenzhen City so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of varicella in this area.Methods Data about varicella cases in Longgang District,Shenzhen City during 2015 to 2019 were download from the Chinese National Notifiable Infectious Disease Reporting System.Epidemiological characteristics of varicella in this area from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed.Results A total of 36567 cases of varicella were reported in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2015 to 2019,and no death case was reported.Notably,Longgang Street had the highest incidence.The peak incidence period was from April to June and from November to January in each year,lasting from 7 to 76 days.Most cases(81.18%)were children under 14 years,and the ratio of male to female was about 1.24∶1.In kindergartens and primary and secondary schools in each street,the morbidity rates ranged from 2.13%to 40.00%.Conclusion The status of varicella in Longgang District of Shenzhen City is still severe,and the children in kindergartens and primary schools are susceptible groups.Primary and secondary schools are the main places for outbreaks of the epidemic.Relevant departments should strengthen the prevention and treatment of varicella,especially vaccination propaganda and immunization.