2019年自贡市百日咳病例及免疫情况调查

Immunization Status of Pertussis Cases in Zigong City in 2019

目的了解2019年自贡市百日咳报告数上升原因,为防控提供参考依据。方法对2019年自贡市百日咳病例进行问卷调查,采集血样进行IgM抗体检测,鼻咽拭子进行核酸检测。应用Excel 2013软件建立数据库,EpiInfo 7.0软件进行描述性统计分析。结果共调查83例百日咳病例,发病年龄0~12岁,无百日咳成分疫苗接种史的占26.5%(22/83)。本地医院报告病例中76.8%(43/56)出现痉挛性咳嗽,62.5%(35/56)持续咳嗽>2周,14.3%(8/56)鸡鸣样呼吸音,平行检测核酸阳性一致率100%,血清PT-IgM检测一致率94.1%(16/17)。结论百日咳疫苗对儿童保护效果较差。随着医疗机构检测能力的提升,病例报告数将持续增多,应将百日咳作为常见传染病进行防控。

Objective To understand the causes for the increase in the number of pertussis cases reported in Zigong in 2019 so as to provide references for prevention and control.Methods Pertussis cases reported in Zigong City in 2019 were surveyed by questionnaires.Blood samples were collected for PT-IgM antibody detection,and nasopharyngeal swabs were used for nucleic acid tests.Results A total of 83 pertussis cases were investigated.The age of pertussis onset was 0-12 years.The cases with no history of pertussis component vaccine accounted for 26.5%(22/83).Among the cases reported from local hospitals,76.8%(43/56)had convulsive cough,62.5%(35/56)had persistent cough for>2 weeks,and 14.3%(8/56)had chicken wheeze-like breathing sounds.The consistency rate of nucleic acid tests was 100%,and the consistency rate of serum PTIgM was 94.1%(16/17)in two parallel tests.Conclusion Pertussis vaccine can protect children under 1 year old to a certain extent.With the popularization of detection methods in medical institutions,cases will continue to increase in China.Pertussis should be prevented and controlled as a common type of infectious disease.